Security & Threats Protection in Distributed Operating System

Distributed Operating System (DOS) me security ek bahut bada challenge hota hai kyunki multiple systems network ke through connected hote hain. Is wajah se unauthorized access, malware attacks, aur data theft ka risk badh jata hai.

Is explanation me hum Security Violations, Computer Worms & Viruses ke baare me detail me samjhenge aur inko prevent karne ke methods bhi dekhenge.

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Security Violations in Distributed Systems

Security violation ka matlab hai system ke rules ya security policies ka break hona jo kisi attacker ya unauthorized user ke through ho sakta hai.

Types of Security Violations

1. 1. Unauthorized Access (Intrusion Attack) – Jab koi user bina permission ke kisi system ya resource ko access karta hai.

2. 2. Data Tampering – Jab kisi file ya data ko bina permission modify kiya jata hai.

3. 3. Denial of Service (DoS Attack) – Jab attacker system ko flood karta hai fake requests se, taaki legitimate users access na kar sakein.

4. 4. Eavesdropping (Data Interception) – Jab data transfer ke dauraan kisi third-party ne usse capture kar liya.

5. 5. Spoofing (Impersonation Attack) – Jab attacker kisi authorized user ka identity le leta hai aur system me ghus jata hai.

Example of Security Violation

Suppose ek distributed banking system me ek hacker customer credentials capture kar leta hai aur unauthorized transactions karta hai. Ye data interception aur identity theft ka ek example hai.

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Computer Worms & Viruses in Distributed Systems

Malware attacks distributed systems ke liye ek major security threat hain.

Computer Worms

Worms ek tarah ke self-replicating malware hote hain jo network ke through spread hote hain bina kisi human interaction ke. Ye bandwidth consume karte hain aur network slow ya crash ho sakta hai.

Example:
Morris Worm (1988) – Pehla computer worm jo Internet ke through spread hua tha aur multiple systems down ho gaye the.

Prevention:
Strong firewall aur intrusion detection system (IDS) ka use karein.
Email attachments open karne se pehle scan karein.
Regular software updates aur patches install karein.

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Computer Viruses

Viruses ek tarah ke malicious codes hote hain jo user intervention ke bina execute nahi hote. Ye files ko infect karte hain aur data corrupt ya delete bhi ho sakta hai.

Example:
ILOVEYOU Virus (2000) – Ye ek email-based virus tha jo users ko love letter ke disguise me attach file open karne pe majboor karta tha aur phir system crash ho jata tha.

Prevention:
Antivirus software use karein.
Unknown email attachments na kholein.
System aur network regularly scan karein.

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Security Protection Methods in Distributed OS

Security attacks ko prevent karne ke liye Distributed OS me different security techniques ka use hota hai.

Security Mechanisms

1. 1. Authentication & Authorization – Sirf authorized users hi system access kar sakein.

2. 2. Encryption (Data Protection) – Data ko encrypt kiya jata hai taaki unauthorized users read na kar sakein.

3. 3. Firewalls & Intrusion Detection System (IDS) – Malware aur unauthorized access ko block karne ke liye firewalls ka use hota hai.

4. 4. Access Control Policies – Least Privilege Policy ka use karke sirf zaroori access dena.

Diagram: Secure Distributed System

Ye architecture unauthorized access aur malware attacks ko prevent karne me madad karta hai.

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Conclusion

Distributed Operating Systems me security attacks ka risk zyada hota hai kyunki multiple devices aur networks interconnected hote hain.
Worms & Viruses network ke through bahut fast spread hote hain aur system crash bhi ho sakta hai.
Firewalls, Antivirus, Encryption, aur Access Control Policies ka use karke security enhance ki ja sakti hai.